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01. Permanent Room Temperature Vulcanized Fluorosilicone Rubber Anti-pollution Coating for Insulators (PRTV) 1. Range The standard prescribes the technical requirement, test rule, test method, packaging and stockpile, construction requirement about Permanent Room Temperature Vulcanized Fluorosilicone Rubber Anti-pollution Coating for Insulators (PRTV). The standard will be applied to PRTV, which is used as the external insulated coating for the aerial cable transmitting electricity line equipments and transformer substations, which run on condition of rated voltage for alternating system which is no more than 750kV and the surrounding temperature is – 50℃ ~ 50℃ . The standard can be also applied to the direct current system. 2. Canonical citation document Clauses in the following document become a part of the standard through the standard citation. The modification (except the errata) or revised edition of the dated citation documents will not be same with the standard, however we cheer on that people who come to an agreement according to the standard study whether we can use the latest edition of the document. The latest edition of the citation documents that were not dated will be same with the standard. GB /T1408.1-1999 Methods of test for electric strength of solid insulating materials—Tests at power frequencies GB/T1409-1988 Methods for the determination of the permittivity and dielectric dissipation factor of solid electrical insulating materials at power audio and radio frequencies including meter wavelengths GB/T 1692—1992 Vulcanized rubber—Determination of the insulation receptivity GB 1411—1978 Electric insulating materials--Test methods of high-voltage small-current intermittent arc resistance GB/T 13936—1992 Rubber，vulcanized—Method for determination of strength properties of adhesive to metal in shear by tension loading GB 1720—1989 Test method for adhesion of paint films GB 1738—1989 Test method for water absorption rate of electrical insulating varnish films GB 1739—1989 Test method for transformer oil resistance of electrical insulating varnish films GB 1763—1989 Test method for chemical resistance of paint films GB/T 1689－1998 Rubber vulcanized—Determination of abrasion resistance GB/T 528—1998 Rubber，vulcanized or thermoplastic—Determination of tensile stress-strain properties GB/T 529—1999 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic-Determination of tear strength GB/T 531—1999 Rubber–Determination of indentation hardness by means of pocket hardness meters GB/T13488—1992 Rubber—Determination of the burning behavior or vertical specimens GB/T 1723—1993 Determination of viscosity of coatings GB 6753.2—1986 Paints and varnishes--Surface-drying test--Ballotini method GB 6753.3—1986 Methods of test for storage stability of paints GB 6553—1986 Test methods for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions IEC61109： 1992 Definition、test method 、rules for checking and accepting of composite insulators for overhead A.C. lines with a nominal voltage greater than 1000V. DL/T 810－2002 Technical specification for ±500kV D.C. Long rod composite insulators GB 775—1987 Test method for insulators GB 4585.2—1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on A.C. systems—solid-layer method DL/T627 Technical specification of RTV silicone rubber anti-pollution reduced flashover coating for power system DL 408 Power Safety Operation Rules（Part: electricity of power plant and substation） DL 409 Power Safety Operation Rules (Part: power lines) Hygiene Institute, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine ---- “Safety evaluation process and basic requirements of chemical material in industry “ 3 Technical requirements 3.1 Coating 3.1.1 Appearance Uniform color and luster viscous liquor, with no-visible mechanical impurity, floccules, deposit. 3.1.2 Storage Stability Period of validity is ≮12 months when stored at room temperature. After the storage period of validity, it must be sampled and tested. It can be continually used when it is up to grade. Notice: According as test method GB6753.3 ,after saving up 45 days at temperature 50±2℃ or 12 months at room temperature 25±1℃, it must be sampled and tested routinely .If properties do not decrease, it is up to grade. 3.1.3 Toxicity Actually no-toxicity Notice: According as “Safety evaluation process and basic requirements of chemical material in industry “of Hygiene Institute, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine . 3.1.4 Electric properties 3.1.4.1 Surface resistively≮1.0×1012Ω.m 3.1.4.2 Volume resistively≮1.0×1014Ω.m 3.1.4.3 Relative dielectric constant ε≯3.0, dielectric loss tangent tgδ≯0.3% 3.1.4.4 Dielectric strength E≮20MV/m 3.1.4.5 Arc resistance t≮200s 3.1.4.6 Resistance to tracking and erosion >TMA4.5 grade (A.C.) TMA3.5 grade (D.C.) 3.1.5 Physical & chemical property 3.1.5.1Tensile strength ≮ 4.0 MPa E1ongation at break ≮ 350% Notice: according as test method GB/T528( type I sample). 3.1.5.2Tear strength ≮ 12 kN/m Notice: according as test method GB/T529 (right angle test pieces). 3.1.5.3 Shearing strength between coating film and plastic (or ceramic glaze) ≮3 MPa Notice: according as test method GB/T528, shearing strip is smooth glass plate or ceramic glaze, the thickness of coating film between shearing strips is 0.2~ 0.5mm .The test is main method to investigate adhesion of coating film. 3.1.5.4 Shore hardness is 35~55 3.1.5.5 Flame retardancy is FV-0 grade 3.1.5.6 Viscosity is 100~250 S (according as coating cup 4# viscometer) 3.1.5.7 Solid content≮50% 3.2 Coating film 3.2.1 Appearance The cured coating film should be level and smooth, lubricious and no-bubbles. 3.2.2 Thickness Coating film thickness is 0.4~ 0.6mm when cured. 3.2.3 Cured time 3.2.3.1 Touch free time: 20min~50min (at 25± 2℃，40%~70%RH) 3.2.3.2 Full cured time:<72 h (at 25±2℃，40%~70%RH, sample thickness is 0.4~ 0.6mm ) 3.2.4 Hydrophobicity 3.2.4.1Hydrophobic angle : static contact angleθav≮90° 3.2.4.2 Hydrophobicity: the grade of hydrophobicity is HC1~ HC2 . 3.2.4.3 Weaken property of hydrophobicity: the grade of hydrophobicity is HC2~HC3, and there is not more than one sample whose grade is HC4 3.2.4.4 Recovery property of hydrophobicity: the grade of hydrophobicity is HC1~HC2, and there is not more than one sample whose grade is HC3. 3.2.4.5 Migration property of hydrophobicity: the grade of hydrophobicity is HC1~HC2, and there is not more than one sample whose grade is HC3. Notice: hydrophobicity test done according as DL/T810 3.2.5 Adhesion Adhesion between coating film and ceramic glaze is tested by using circling testing method (≮2 grade). Notice: According as test method GB1720. The test is accessorial method to investigate adhesion of coating film. 3.2.6 Abrasion resistance ≯ 0.05g 3.2.7 Water absorption rate ≯ 0.25% Notice: according as test method GB1738 3.2.8 Temperature change resistance After 5 times repeating test, the coating film should not be damaged. The test temperature is from -40℃ to + 80℃ , and every repeating time is 2.5 hours. After repeating test, placed for more than 5 h at 25±2℃，40%~70%RH , and testing adhesion according as test method GB1720 by using circling testing method, the result should not be more than 2 grades. 3.2.9Corrosion resistance 3.2.9.1 Chemical resistance: In action of acid, base, salt, there is no-break off, no-cockle, no-bubble, and no-color change. After the above test, it is cleaned out with water, plated for more than 24 h at 25±2℃，40%~70%RH , and adhesion tested according as test method GB1720 by using circling testing method, the result should not be more than 2 grades. Notice: according as test method GB1763. Sample is made of smooth glass plate or ceramic glaze, coated with PRTV, and it is required that it will be full cured before test. Three samples are used for each reagent, and the area of each sample is ≮ 50cm2. 2/3 of the sample coat is immerged in the acid (H2SO4), base (NaOH) or salt (NaCl); 1/3 of it is exposed in the air, and then the sample and reagent container are put in the oven. After that temperature is raised to80± 2℃ in 25~30min,it is lasted for 24 h. 3.2.9.2 Oil resistance: In the action of the transformer oil, there is no-break off, on-cockle, no-bubble . After the above test, it is cleaned out with water, plated for more than 24 h at 25±2℃，40%~70%RH , and adhesion tested according as test method GB1720 by using circling testing method, the result should not be more than 2 grades. Notice: according as test method GB1739 Sample is made of smooth glass plate or ceramic glaze, coated with PRTV, and it is required that it will be full cured before test. Three samples are used for each reagent, and the area of each sample is ≮ 50cm2. 2/3 of the sample coat is immerged in the transformer oil;1/3 of it is exposed in the air ,and then the sample and reagent container are put in the oven. After that temperature is raised to105± 2℃ in 25~30min,it is lasted for 24 h. 3.2.10 Electric strength 3.2.10.1 The dry flash-over voltage of insulator with coating film is higher than the dry flash-over voltage of insulator without coating film. 3.2.10.2 The wet flash-over voltage of insulator with coating film is higher than the wet flash-over voltage of insulator without coating film. 3.2.11 Property of preventing pollution flash-over The ratio of the pollution reduced flash-over voltage of insulators with coating film U1/the pollution reduced flash-over voltage of insulators without coating film U2(U1/U2) is no less than 2.0 at the same testing condition described below. Test condition: 1）Type XP insulator ,the length of insulators bunch is 3 pieces 2) Artificial pollution: salt density is 0.1mg/cm; ash density is 1.0 mg/cm2 3）At 25±2℃，40%~70%RH, plated for 4days 3.2.12 Property of aging resistance 3.2.12.1 Property of environment aging resistance: The coating film should be no-chap, no-powdering, no-peeling off and no-break off at natural condition. It can reliably work in long term. The outdoor work life is generally more than 20 years. 3.2.12.2 Laboratory aging: After 1700h laboratory aging, overflowing break happens less 3 times during test; no tracking and erosion gets to the ceramic glaze; cementation shearing strength between coating film and ceramic glaze is more than 3.0Mpa;testing according as 5.6of DL810, coating film meets the hydrophobicity requirement of the standard 3.2.4 . Notice: according as 5.3 in JB5892, salt spray test of coating PRTV tested by at least 5000h laboratory aging continued centrally; after the above treatment, test adhesion and hydrophobicity are tested. 3.2.13 Self-cleaning property (only for type PRTV-Ⅰ) Self-cleaning property identified by adhesive strength between analog pollution and coating film. It is required that the peel strength is less than 3.0kPa。 Notice: test method see appendix A---“test method of self-cleaning property of solid coating” 3.2.14 Anti-ice property (only for PRTV-Ⅱ) 3.2.14.1 Icing resisting property: the ratio of the length of icicle of paint insulator L1/ the length of icicle of porcelain insulator L2 is less than 0.3. 3.2.14.2 Property of ice –shedding: DC value is more than 90% Notice: test method see appendix B ---“test method of anti-icing property of solid coating”. 4 Test rule and test method 4.1 The product PRTV should be tested by batch which is produced by the same process, equipment, raw material and no more than 1000kg .The products are tested according as Table 1; when all the test items are up to grade, the batch of products are up to grade. Table 1 the items of routine test No. Test item Test basis Test method 1 Appearance 3.1.1 & 3.2.1 3.1.1 & 3.2.1 2 Cured time 3.2.3 GB 6753.2－1986 3 Dielectric strength 3.1.4.4 GB/T 1408.1－1999 4 Adhesive ability 3.1.5.3 GB/T 13936-1992，3.1.5.3 5 Hydrophobicity 3.2.4.1& 3.2.4.2 DL/T 810 4.2 PRTV paint The test method may be carried out by reference the rule of relative national standard and professional standard. The product that passes the mold test of the legal organization, and the technical and product identification will be a batch production and be sold in power system. The mold test done according as Table 2 Table 2 the items of mold test No. Test item Test basis Test method 1 Appearance 3.1.1& 3.2.1 3.1.1&3.2.1 2 Viscosity 3.1.5.6 GB/T 1723－1993 3 Solid content 3.1.5.7 GB1725 4 Cured time 3.2.3 GB 6753.2－1986 5 Storage stability 3.1.2 GB 6753.2－1986 6 Hydrophobicity 3.2.4 DL/T 810 7 Surface & Volume resistivity 3.1.4.1& 3.1.4.2 GB/T 1692－1992 8 Relative Dielectric constant& Dielectric loss tangent 3.1.4.3 GB 1409－1988 9 Dielectric strength 3.1.4.4 GB 1408.1－1999 10 Arc resistance 3.1.4.5 GB 1411－1978 11 Resistance to tracking and erosion 3.1.4.6 GB 6553－1986 12 Flame retardancy 3.1.5.5 GB/T 13488－1992 13 Adhesive ability 3.1.5.3&3.2.5 GB13936-1992&GB1720-1989 14 Tensile strength & e1ongation at break 3.1.5.1 GB/T 528－1998 15 Tearing strength 3.1.5.2 GB/T 529－1999 16 Hardness 3.1.5.4 GB/T 531－1999 17 Abrasion resistance 3.2.6 GB/T 1689－1998 18 Water absorption 3.2.7 GB 1738－1989 19 Corrosion resistance 3.2.9 GB 1739－1989 GB 1763－1989 20 Flash –over voltage test at power frequencies (Dry, wet flash –over) 3.2.10 GB 775－1987 21 Preventing pollution reduced flash-over 3.2.11 GB 4585.2－1991 22 Laboratory aging test（1700h） 3.2.12.2 3.2.12.2 23 Temperature change resistance test 3.2.8 3.2.8 24 Toxicity test 3.1.3 Hygiene Institute, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine “Evaluation process and basic requirement of safety of chemical material in industry “ 25 Self-cleaning property 3.2.13 Appendix A 26 Anti-icing property 3.2.14 Appendix B 5 Package and storage 5.1 Package 5.1.1 Paint is in the hermetic container, and container should not be damaged during the transportation. 5.1.2There are type, name, production unit and time, qualified mark and numbers of the product on the container. 5.1.3The external package is high strength corrugated case, and there are packing list and operating instruction manual of product in each package. 5.2 Storage 5.2.1Paint is stored in shady, cool, dry room at room temperature, and keeps away from the fire and is not weathered. 5.2.2 The period of validity is more than12 months at room temperature. Period of validity is ≮12 months when stored at room temperature. After the storage period of validity, it must be sampled and tested. It can be continually used when it is up to grade. 6. Construction 6.1 The construction department handles the formalities according to the requirements of DL408、DL409 of Power Safety Operation Rules and other documents , begins the construction of power transmission ,and the processes of construction follow the above requirements. 6.2 When spraying PRTV, it should avoid foggy , dampness, rainfall, snowfall and other damp meteorological conditions and sand storm conditions ,and the temperature is above -20℃ . 6.3 Before construction, the insulator must be clean and dry. If the insulator surface of some new equipment is coated with protective ointment (extrapentester, etc), this protective layer must be removed before construction. When contamination，such as oil stain, may influence the adhesive activity of PRTV, it must be cleaned by the proper abluent and in right degree. But surfactants which have demould function can not be used as the clean agents. The clean agents that have strong oxidation should be forbidden in order to avoid destroying the equipment surface. 6.4 The recoating on non-PRTV disabled coating 6.4.1 The disabled coating with poor adhesion should be removed completely, and then recoated. 6.4.2 The surface of disabled coating with good adhesion should be cleaned, and uniformly coated with special finishing agent that has couple action, and then recoated. 6.4.3For the oil leakage equipments, the oil leakage flaw should be completely repaired .The coating that has oil stains should be removed and then recoated. 6.5 The recoating of PRTV disabled coating 6.5.1 The surface of disabled coating should be cleaned, and uniformly coated with special finishing agent that has couple action, and then recoated. 6.5.2 For the oil leakage equipments, the oil leakage flaw should be completely repaired .The coating that has oil stains should be removed and then recoated. 6.6 The PRTV coating should not influence the preventive test of the equipment. For the disk suspension insulators, the insulation resistance should be tested before the construction. After the insulator with null or low value is changed, the construction begins. During the construction, the place as the null measurement in the hardware fittings should be left and be sure of not coated with paint. 6.7 Before use, PRTV coating should be mixed well in the sealed condition. Coating should be picked as much as used, and the container should be sealed after picking. 6.8The power transmission should be coated with spraying; the equipment of transmitting electricity can be coated with spraying or brush. 6.9The thickness of the coating layer is 0.5±0.1mm。 6.10 It should be constructed according to the operating instruction manual of the PRTV coating; the coating layer should be uniformity, levelled off, lubricity, no-stack, no-flow, no-bubble, no- threadlike thing, no-defect, and no-leakage. Appendix B Test method of anti-icing property of solid coating A.1 Preface The anti-icing method used on the transmission line can be divided into the active and passive ice control measure, and the anti-icing paint with low adhesive function belongs to the passive ice control measure. The weak adhesion between the anti-icing paint film on the surface of the insulator and the ice/snow makes them slip easily with the action of natural forces (wind power, the liberation of tower or conductor) before the ice rain or snow freezes or bond to the insulator surface. And although the ice rain or snow freezes bonds to the insulator surface, ice slips with the action of natural forces before it melts. Because the ambient temperature rises from subzero to zero, the adhesive force between the coating film and the ice falls quickly as the temperature rising. The test method of anti-icing property of solid coating layer can be used in testing the anti-icing property of the passive anti-icing paint used on the transmission line, including two indexes: icing resistive property and ice–shedding property. (1) Requirement for the coating film of new product: Icing resistive property： The ratio of amount of ice on the porcelain plate with coating / amount of ice on the porcelain plate with no coating is <0.3(1grade). Ice–shedding property： The requirement of DC value is >90 %( 1grade). (2) Requirement for the coating film in service: Icing resistive property： The ratio of amount of ice on the porcelain plate with coating / amount of ice on the porcelain plate with no coating is <0.5(2grade). Ice–shedding pr, operty：The requirement of DC value is >80 %( 2grade). A.2 Subject content and scope of application The method defines the test method of anti-icing property(including icing resistive property and ice–shedding property) of solid coating layer. The method can be used to test the anti-icing property of the anti-flashover coating surface which is coated on external insulated material for power system, and of the surface of common solid material. A.3 Nomenclature Icing resistive property： At the same test condition, the coating surface of the solid material has the property of less and later icing than the surface of the standard material (glazing porcelain surface). Ice–shedding property： At the same test condition, the icing of the coating surface of the solid material has the property of more caduceus than that of the surface of the standard material (glazing porcelain surface). A.4 Test method 4. 1 Icing resistive property 4.1.1 Equipment and reagents （1）Refrigerating plant； （2）Watering can； （3）De-ionized water(mixture of ice and water )； (4)10 pieces of glazing porcelain plate , the size of each plate is 120×60mm2 :； （5）Balance。 4.1.2Sample production (1) wash and dry 10 pieces of glazing porcelain plate , the size of each plate is 120× 60mm2 . (2) After 5 pieces of glazing porcelain plate said above are taken out, the surface is coated according to the common procedure. And then they are stored in the lab standard condition for more than 72 h., waiting for full cured. 4.1.3 Test method (1) 10 pieces of porcelain plate said above are balanced ,the weights of them are recorded .The weight of the porcelain plate with coating is recorded as G11,and that without coating is recorded as G1。 (2) Watering can is adjusted as following requirement: A piece of newspaper lies 25cm in the front of the nozzle; the direction of jet is in plumb with the newspaper; after spraying 10-15 times, there is a wet spot with diameter range from 25 to 35 cm . (3)The test temperature decreased to -10±2℃ with refrigerating plant. (4) 10pieces of porcelain plates lie in the situation ; they are inclined and the glazing face which are upwards ; the angle between the porcelain plate and the level is 35±2°. They are cooled for more than 30min in order to stabilize the temperature. (5)One watering can adjusted jets water, 1piece of glazing porcelain plate at internals of 1s. After each of glazing porcelain plate is jetted 10 times, stop jetting for 180s.The position of nozzle of watering can must meet the requirement: the distance from nozzle to porcelain plate is 350mm ;nozzle and the middle part of porcelain plate is on a horizontal plane; the jet direction is level. (6)Repeat step (5) three times, until the ice water on the porcelain plate is full curried. (7) 10 pieces of glazing porcelain plates said above are balanced ,the weights of them are recorded .The weight of the icing porcelain plate with the coating layer is recorded as G22,and that without the coating layer is recorded as G2。 (8) After G22-G11of ice on the porcelain plate with coating film, and G2-G1 of ice on the porcelain plate without coating film is figured out respectively, the arithmetical means of G22-G11 and G2-G1 are figured out respectively, too. 4.1.4Evaluation method The arithmetical mean of ice on the porcelain plate with coating film is G22-G11; the arithmetical mean of ice on the porcelain plate without coating film is G2-G1. （G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.1，icing resistive property is 0 grade ； 0.1<（G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.3，icing resistive property is 1 grade； 0.3<（G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.5，icing resistive property is 2 grade； （G22-G11）/（G2-G1）>0.5，icing resistive property is 3 grade。 4.2 Ice–shedding property 4.2.1 Equipment and reagents （1）Refrigerating plant； （2）Tension tester； （3）De-ionized water (4) 5 aluminum strips. Shape and size of the strip described as figure 1. Thickness 2mm ; Total length: 120mm . The front part (adhesive face): length 50mm , width 50mm . Backside: length 70mm width 20mm . Axle wire of the front part and backside is in a line. There is a drilled hole whose diameter is 8mm .The hole is on the axle wire whose distance from the end of the backside is 10 mm (5) 5 pieces of glazing porcelain plates are cemented with aluminum strips. The size of aluminum strip is the same with (4);.the size of porcelain plate is 50mm×50mm. The porcelain plate is cemented in the front of the aluminum strip. (6) 10 thimbles which are made of stainless steel with rings. Shape and size of the thimble described as figure2 .Internal diameter of the thimble is 26mm , and the height is 15mm . 4.2.2 Sample production 4.2.2.1 The production of the sample with ice on the coating (1) Adhesive face of the aluminum strip is burnished by emery cloth, so the surface has not oxidation layer. (2) The adhesive face is washed with mixture (ethanol: ether=1:1), and dried naturally. (3) The adhesive face of aluminum strip is coated with the paint. Thickness of the coating film is 0.5±0.1mm .It is stored in the lab standard environment for 72 h. (4) After a thimble of stainless steel that is laid on the center of the coating surface in front of the aluminum strip, a sample is assembled. The direction of the ring is reversed to the backside of the aluminum strip. The sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃. (5) Immit the de-ionized water into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (6) After the sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (7) 5 samples are made for each kind or batch of coating. 4.2.2.2 The production of the sample with ice on the coating of the glazing porcelain plate (1) The surface of the glazing porcelain plate cemented on the aluminum strip is washed with mixture (ethanol: ether=1:1), and dried naturally. (2) After a thimble of stainless steel that is laid on the center of the surface of the porcelain plate, a sample is assembled. The direction of the ring is reversed to the backside of the aluminum strip. The sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃ for 15min. (3) The de- ionized water is immited into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (4) After the sample is set in the situation at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (5) Immit the de-ionized water into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (6) After the sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (7) 5 samples are made according to the above described method. 4.2.3 Test method (1) On the test condition of -15±2℃,the adhesion between ice and coating film is tested by the tension tester ;And then the arithmetic mean G1 is figured out. Notice: During the test, one side of the tension tester is connected with the backside of the aluminum strip, and the other side of it is connected with the ring on the thimble of stainless steel. (2) On the test condition of -15±2℃,the adhesion between ice and glazing porcelain plate is tested by the tension tester ;And then the arithmetic mean G2 is figured out. Notice: During the test, one side of the tension tester is connected with the backside of the aluminum strip, and the other side of it is connected with the ring on the thimble of stainless steel. 4.2.4Evaluation method (1) DC value stands for the ice–shedding property of the coating film . DC value is calculated by the formula as followed: DC=（1－G1/G2）×100% Including: G1——The arithmetic mean of the adhesion between ice and coating film ,N G2——The arithmetic mean of the ice and glazing porcelain plate, N (2)Evaluation of ice–shedding property DC≥95%， ice–shedding property is 0 grade ； 90%≤DC<95%， ice–shedding property is 1 grade； 80%≤DC<90%， ice–shedding property is 2 grade； 60%≤DC<80%， ice–shedding property is 3 grade； DC<60%， ice–shedding property is 4 grade 02. Appendix A Test method of self-cleaning property of solid coating A.1 Subject content and scope of application The method defines the test method of adhesion between the solid coating and float or adsorptive materials on its surface .The method can be used to test the self-cleaning property of the anti-flashover coating surface which is coated on external insulated material for power system, and of the surface of common solid material. A.2 Nomenclature The self-cleaning is the caduceus property of the pollution float or adsorptive materials on the surface of the solid coating on heavy rains and other natural conditions. A.3 Equipment and reagents （1）Tension tester； （2）Electro-thermal drying cabinet； （3）Water extractor （4）Ethanol(CP)； （5）Ether(CP)； （6）10 aluminum strips, shape and size of them described as figure 1 Thickness 2mm Total length: 120mm , and the front part (adhesive face): length 50mm , width 50mm . the back part: length 70mm , width 20mm ; Axle wire of the front part and the back part is in a line. There is a drilled hole whose diameter is 8mm .The hole is on the axle wire whose distance from the end of the back part is 10 mm . Each of strips kinks 90°along the boundary of the front part and the back part. （7）Diatomite( 10g ), NaCl( 1g ), dextrin( 20g ), granulated sugar( 5g ) and de-ionized water(40ml) are mixed fully as contamination adhesive liquor and standby application A.4 Test method (1) Adhesive face of aluminum strips is burnished by emery cloth, so be sure that the surface has no oxidation layer. (2) The adhesive face is washed with mixture (ethanol: ether=1:1), and dried naturally. (3) The adhesive face of aluminum strip is coated with the paint. Thickness of coating film is 0.5±0.1mm .It is stored in the lab standard environment for 72 h. (4) The coating film of aluminum strip coated with contamination adhesive liquor is adhesive with that of another aluminum strip, and then a couple of aluminum strip is a sample. (5) The test of each kind or each batch of paint needs 5 samples made as above method. (6) Two adhesive faces of the sample are clamped with tongs ,and then the sample is put in the electro-thermal drying cabinet at 105±5℃. (7)After baking for 15~20min, the sample is taken out, set in water extractor, and cooled for 30min. (8)The peel test is done on the tension machine, from which 5 readings are recorded and arithmetical mean (G) is figured out. A.5 Test result and evaluation method 5.1Peel strength between coating film and contamination layer of the solid is the index which evaluates the self-cleaning property of the coating film. The calculation method as followed: f = 0.4×G（kPa） In the above formula：f ——peel strength ，kPa G ——reading from the tension machine，N 0.4——peel coefficient 5.2 The grade of self-cleaning property f ≤1.0kPa，self-cleaning property is 0 grade ； 1.0kPa< f ≤3.0kPa，self-cleaning property is 1grade ； 3.0kPa< f ≤5.0kPa，self-cleaning property is2 grade ； f > 5.0kPa，self-cleaning property is 3 grade . 03. Appendix B Test method of anti-icing property of solid coating A.1 Preface The anti-icing method used on the transmission line can be divided into the active and passive ice control measure, and the anti-icing paint with low adhesive function belongs to the passive ice control measure. The weak adhesion between the anti-icing paint film on the surface of the insulator and the ice/snow makes them slip easily with the action of natural forces (wind power, the liberation of tower or conductor) before the ice rain or snow freezes or bond to the insulator surface. And although the ice rain or snow freezes bonds to the insulator surface, ice slips with the action of natural forces before it melts. Because the ambient temperature rises from subzero to zero, the adhesive force between the coating film and the ice falls quickly as the temperature rising. The test method of anti-icing property of solid coating layer can be used in testing the anti-icing property of the passive anti-icing paint used on the transmission line, including two indexes: icing resistive property and ice–shedding property. (1) Requirement for the coating film of new product: Icing resistive property： The ratio of amount of ice on the porcelain plate with coating / amount of ice on the porcelain plate with no coating is <0.3(1grade). Ice–shedding property： The requirement of DC value is >90 %( 1grade). (2) Requirement for the coating film in service: Icing resistive property： The ratio of amount of ice on the porcelain plate with coating / amount of ice on the porcelain plate with no coating is <0.5(2grade). Ice–shedding property：The requirement of DC value is >80 %( 2grade). A.2 Subject content and scope of application The method defines the test method of anti-icing property(including icing resistive property and ice–shedding property) of solid coating layer. The method can be used to test the anti-icing property of the anti-flashover coating surface which is coated on external insulated material for power system, and of the surface of common solid material. A.3 Nomenclature Icing resistive property： At the same test condition, the coating surface of the solid material has the property of less and later icing than the surface of the standard material (glazing porcelain surface). Ice–shedding property： At the same test condition, the icing of the coating surface of the solid material has the property of more caduceus than that of the surface of the standard material (glazing porcelain surface). A.4 Test method 4. 1 Icing resistive property 4.1.1 Equipment and reagents （1）Refrigerating plant； （2）Watering can； （3）De-ionized water(mixture of ice and water )； (4)10 pieces of glazing porcelain plate , the size of each plate is 120×60mm2 :； （5）Balance。 4.1.2Sample production (1) wash and dry 10 pieces of glazing porcelain plate , the size of each plate is 120×60mm2 . (2) After 5 pieces of glazing porcelain plate said above are taken out, the surface is coated according to the common procedure. And then they are stored in the lab standard condition for more than 72 h., waiting for full cured. 4.1.3 Test method (1) 10 pieces of porcelain plate said above are balanced ,the weights of them are recorded .The weight of the porcelain plate with coating is recorded as G11,and that without coating is recorded as G1。 (2) Watering can is adjusted as following requirement: A piece of newspaper lies 25cm in the front of the nozzle; the direction of jet is in plumb with the newspaper; after spraying 10-15 times, there is a wet spot with diameter range from 25 to 35 cm . (3)The test temperature decreased to -10±2℃ with refrigerating plant. (4) 10pieces of porcelain plates lie in the situation ; they are inclined and the glazing face which are upwards ; the angle between the porcelain plate and the level is 35±2°. They are cooled for more than 30min in order to stabilize the temperature. (5)One watering can adjusted jets water, 1piece of glazing porcelain plate at internals of 1s. After each of glazing porcelain plate is jetted 10 times, stop jetting for 180s.The position of nozzle of watering can must meet the requirement: the distance from nozzle to porcelain plate is 350mm ;nozzle and the middle part of porcelain plate is on a horizontal plane; the jet direction is level. (6)Repeat step (5) three times, until the ice water on the porcelain plate is full curried. (7) 10 pieces of glazing porcelain plates said above are balanced ,the weights of them are recorded .The weight of the icing porcelain plate with the coating layer is recorded as G22,and that without the coating layer is recorded as G2。 (8) After G22-G11of ice on the porcelain plate with coating film, and G2-G1 of ice on the porcelain plate without coating film is figured out respectively, the arithmetical means of G22-G11 and G2-G1 are figured out respectively, too. 4.1.4Evaluation method The arithmetical mean of ice on the porcelain plate with coating film is G22-G11; the arithmetical mean of ice on the porcelain plate without coating film is G2-G1. （G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.1，icing resistive property is 0 grade ； 0.1<（G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.3，icing resistive property is 1 grade； 0.3<（G22-G11）/（G2-G1）≤0.5，icing resistive property is 2 grade； （G22-G11）/（G2-G1）>0.5，icing resistive property is 3 grade。 4.2 Ice–shedding property 4.2.1 Equipment and reagents （1）Refrigerating plant； （2）Tension tester； （3）De-ionized water (4) 5 aluminum strips. Shape and size of the strip described as figure 1. Thickness 2mm ; Total length: 120mm . The front part (adhesive face): length 50mm , width 50mm . Backside: length 70mm width 20mm . Axle wire of the front part and backside is in a line. There is a drilled hole whose diameter is 8mm .The hole is on the axle wire whose distance from the end of the backside is 10 mm (5) 5 pieces of glazing porcelain plates are cemented with aluminum strips. The size of aluminum strip is the same with (4);.the size of porcelain plate is 50mm×50mm. The porcelain plate is cemented in the front of the aluminum strip. (6) 10 thimbles which are made of stainless steel with rings. Shape and size of the thimble described as figure2 .Internal diameter of the thimble is 26mm , and the height is 15mm . 4.2.2 Sample production 4.2.2.1 The production of the sample with ice on the coating (1) Adhesive face of the aluminum strip is burnished by emery cloth, so the surface has not oxidation layer. (2) The adhesive face is washed with mixture (ethanol: ether=1:1), and dried naturally. (3) The adhesive face of aluminum strip is coated with the paint. Thickness of the coating film is 0.5± 0.1mm .It is stored in the lab standard environment for 72 h. (4) After a thimble of stainless steel that is laid on the center of the coating surface in front of the aluminum strip, a sample is assembled. The direction of the ring is reversed to the backside of the aluminum strip. The sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃. (5) Immit the de-ionized water into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (6) After the sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (7) 5 samples are made for each kind or batch of coating. 4.2.2.2 The production of the sample with ice on the coating of the glazing porcelain plate (1) The surface of the glazing porcelain plate cemented on the aluminum strip is washed with mixture (ethanol: ether=1:1), and dried naturally. (2) After a thimble of stainless steel that is laid on the center of the surface of the porcelain plate, a sample is assembled. The direction of the ring is reversed to the backside of the aluminum strip. The sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃ for 15min. (3) The de- ionized water is immited into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (4) After the sample is set in the situation at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (5) Immit the de-ionized water into the thimble of stainless steel; it is appropriate that the water level is even with the upside of the thimble of stainless steel. (6) After the sample is set in the environment at -15±2℃for 24h,water in the thimble of stainless steel is frozen completely. (7) 5 samples are made according to the above described method. 4.2.3 Test method (1) On the test condition of -15±2℃,the adhesion between ice and coating film is tested by the tension tester ;And then the arithmetic mean G1 is figured out. Notice: During the test, one side of the tension tester is connected with the backside of the aluminum strip, and the other side of it is connected with the ring on the thimble of stainless steel. (2) On the test condition of -15±2℃,the adhesion between ice and glazing porcelain plate is tested by the tension tester ;And then the arithmetic mean G2 is figured out. Notice: During the test, one side of the tension tester is connected with the backside of the aluminum strip, and the other side of it is connected with the ring on the thimble of stainless steel. 4.2.4Evaluation method (1) DC value stands for the ice–shedding property of the coating film . DC value is calculated by the formula as followed: DC=（1－G1/G2）×100% Including: G1——The arithmetic mean of the adhesion between ice and coating film ,N G2——The arithmetic mean of the ice and glazing porcelain plate, N (2)Evaluation of ice–shedding property DC≥95%， ice–shedding property is 0 grade ； 90%≤DC<95%， ice–shedding property is 1 grade； 80%≤DC<90%， ice–shedding property is 2 grade； 60%≤DC<80%， ice–shedding property is 3 grade； DC<60%， ice–shedding property is 4 grade。

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