TC5015 tower crane

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Summarize TC5015 tower crane is designed by JINAN JIHONG MACHINERY Co., LTD. It makes full use of the grouping technology, composite design technology and finite element analysis technology, which is the newest lifting transportation machinery in domestic and designed with the tower crane microcomputer platform as the tool. This machine is horizontal arm, truck derricking, and upper-circumgyrating hydraulic climbing tower crane. Maximum lifting capacity is 6t, rated lifting torque is 710kN /m and Maximum lifting torque is 853.2 kN/m. The main features of this tower crane: (1) Performance parameters and technical indexes have reached the domestic and international advanced level. The maximum working range is 50 m, which increases the working space of the tower. (2) The shape is international popular form, beautiful and generous. (3) Working mode various, widely using range. It has two working ways, basic fixed and wall attachment. It is suitable for various construction objects. The independent hoisting height is 41 meters, the attached height is 151 meters (a=2) and 76 meters (a=4) (4) It has high speed, good performance, high efficiency and working stability. There are many single speed motor and winding speed reducer, which can achieve high speed and heavy load, the maximum speed can reach 80.36 m/min. Truck derricking mechanism in horizontal arm traction car horns, has a good performance in installation. By using winding motor rotation, planetary gear reducer and hydraulic coupling, it has high bearing capacity, smooth, reliable working capacity and good ability wind resistance. (5) Crane arm used rigid dual pull rods, which has good rigidity, small light weight, and small wind resistance, even strength and artistic appearance. (6) Various safety devices could ensure the machine work safe and reliable. (7) The hoisting box stands alone and side and has clear view. (8) It is convenient to use and easy to maintenance. The deadweight of the machine is 37.8t; the total installed capacity is 40.1 kW. This machine is always applied to large-scale construction of high-tower buildings, like the high-level hotel, the residential building, which is the ideal construction machinery to the building enterprise. 2. Technical characteristic 2.1 Hoisting performance table Range(m) a=4(kg) a=2(kg) 3～14.22 6000 3000 15 5652 3000 16 5256 3000 17 4906 3000 18 4595 3000 19 4317 3000 20 4067 3000 21 3840 3000 22 3634 3000 23 3446 3000 24 3274 3000 25 3116 3000 25.57 3031 3000 26 2969 2941 27 2834 2809 28 2708 2687 29 2591 2574 30 2482 2468 31 2379 2369 32 2283 2276 33 2193 2188 34 2109 2106 35 2029 2029 36 1953 1955 37 1882 1886 38 1814 1821 39 1750 1758 40 1689 1699 41 1631 1643 42 1576 1589 43 1523 1538 44 1473 1489 45 1425 1443 46 1379 1398 47 1335 1356 48 1293 1315 49 1252 1276 50 1213 1238 2.2 Technical feature Project Unit a=2 a=4 Rated load moment kN•m 630 Max. hoisting capacity T 3 6 Rated radius m 3~56 Hoisting height Freestanding m 41 Attaching 151 76 Hosting speed m/min 80.36/41.05 39.37/20.11 Swing speed r/min 0.64 Derricking speed m/min 44/22 Lifting speed 0.4 Min. stabilized lowering speed ≤7 Exterior dimensions of full crane Underbed m 6.56×6.56 Height(Freestanding) 50.597 Distance between the head of counter-jib and swing center 57.11 Distance between the end of counter-jib and swing center 12.38 Net weight of full crane Structure weight (Freestanding) t 37.8 Counter weight 15.6 Total capacity of the motor kW 40.1 Allow working temperature ℃ -20~+40 Power supply parameter 50Hz ~380V±10% 2.3 The main technique parameters Mechanical load rate Hoisting mechanism M5 Swing mechanism M4 Derricking mechanism M4 Hoisting mechanism Motor Type YZRDW225-4/8 Power(kW) 24/24 Height limiter Type FKDX-G Rope Type 6W19-13-1770-l 甲镀右铰 Max. traction(N) 15000 Rate a=2 a=4 Hoisting speed(m/min) 80.36 39.37 41.05 20.11 Rated hosting capacity(t) 1.2 2.4 3 6 Min. stabilized load-lowering speed m/m in <7 Swing mechanism Motor Type YZR132M-6 Power(kW) 3.7×2 Swing speed(r/min) 908 Retarder Type XX4-100.168 Gear ratio 180 Hydraulic coupling mechanism Type YOX280A Swing pinion Modulus m 12 Tooth counting z 15 Addendum coefficient +0.5 Swing speed r/min 0.637 Swing gearing Single row and four points sphere swing gearing Type 011•45•1250 Modulus m 12 Tooth counting z 15 Hydraulic climbing mechanism Motor Type Y132M-4B5 Power(kW) 5.5 Rated working pressure of cylinder MPa 25 Max. climbing force t 50 Cylinder stroke mm 1600 Mounting distance mm 2070 Diameter of piston mm φ160 Diameter of piston rod mm φ110 Climbing speed m/min 0.4 Derricking mechanism Motor Type YDEJ132S-4/8 Power(kW) 3.2/2.2 Rope Type 6×19-7.7-1550-甲镀右铰 Retarder Type XX2-12-38 Transmission ratio 38 Derricking speed m/min 44/22 2.4 Hoisting Characteristic Diagram a=2 a=4 2.5 Power parameters: 2.5.1 Machine total power: 40.1 kW 2.5.2 Power supply voltage: 380V ± 10%, 2.5.3 Power frequency: frequency: 50Hz 3. General introduction of crane construction TC5015 self-erecting tower crane is comprised of base, metal structure, working mechanism, electrical control and safety protection device(Fig 1). The structure and characteristic introduction of every part are as follows: Fig1 3.1 General arrangement Before the working height is up to 40m, free standing is used. When the height exceeds 40m, the attachment is available. When using the attachment, the free height between the top attachment and the focus should less than 34.8m. The height of the tower is made up of heights of foundation sections and the standard sections. Free standing includes 15 tower sections (1 foundation sections and 14 standard sections). When the max. Hoisting height 151m, which will be made up of 60 tower sections (1 foundation sections and 59 standard sections), meanwhile with 5 attachment devices. The attachment embedded parts are buried in the well counted position，so as to attach the tower to the building with attachment stay bar. In the special concrete base, there is the well prepared stone bolt connected with the underbed. The top of the underbed connects with the tower. The top of the tower connects with the lower bracket and the top of lower bracket connects with the outline of swing bearing. Fastening the inside of the swing bearing is the slewing sections, which includes upper bracket, swing tower, tower head, lifting jib, counter jib, derricking trolley, hook, counter weight, hoisting mechanism, slewing mechanism and the hoisting cab, etc. All these parts could slew 540°around the tower’s axes line on its own plane. The root of the lifting jib connects with the slewing tower and wind connects with the tower head by two lifting jib pull rods. The counter jib foot connects with the slewing tower pin roll and the end are connected to tower head by two counter jib pull rods. Climbing mechanism is set up the central back of counter jib and the slewing mechanism lies in the two sides of upper bracket, the right front of it is hoisting cab. The derricking trolley and hook are pulled by the derricking mechanism to do reciprocating movement along the longitudinal axis of the hoist boom. The climbing mechanism is composed of climbing frame and hydraulic climbing device. The climbing frame is framework steel structure, which connects with the lower bracket with pin roll. The back of it is hydraulic climbing mechanism including climbing cylinder and climbing beam. The hydraulic station sets up to the frame working plate. When climbing, frame lower bracket and the upper section climbs are been as the tower axes line. A tower section is added when the cylinder climbs twice. 3.2 Fixed foundation load and attaching load Fig. 2 TC5015 foundation and attaching load Load Working condition Foundation load Building load P1（t） P2（t） M（t.m） Mk(t.m) F1(t) F2(t) Working state 67.5 2.9 169.9 30.47 12.7 15.5 Unworking state 57.5 7.5 228.9 0 13.4 16.15 3.3 Main outline dimensions and weight of metal structure Metal structures mainly include underbed, stay bar, tower, climbing frame, upper and lower bracket, swing tower, lifting-jib, counter-jib, Pull rod of lifting-jib, pull rod of counter-jib, derricking trolley, cap head and attaching device, etc. 3.3.1 Underbed (Shown in Fig 3、4) Underbed is beam structure of “cross” form. a whole beam, two half beams are connected with upper and lower board with 24 bolts. And they are fixed on the foundation with 28 anchor bolts which are in the foundation originally. Welded 4 ear-pedestals are on cross beam, which is bevelled braced on the second standard section individually with 4 bevel rods by ear-pedestals. There are 4 rectangle flanges on the cross beam connected to tower with reinforcing section. Fig. 3 Diagrammatic of underbed Fig 4. Diagrammatic of stay bar 3.3.2 Tower (shown in Fig. 5) Fig 5 diagrammatic of tower sections There are two kinds of tower section including 1 foundation sections and 15 standard sections. They have the same outline dimensions except for the thickness of their main boom-walls. Reinforcing sections should be install foundation sections successively when used. Upper surface and lower surface of standard section are connected individually by 8 bolts of M33×2×340 (10.9 grade) with high strength. The pretightening force is 30000kg (pretightening moment is 200kg.m). There are ladders on each standard section for persons and some standard sections have platforms for rest which are set. 3.3.3 Climbing frame (shown n Fig. 6) Climbing frame mainly includes frame structure, platform, hydraulic, climbing system and standard sections pulling-in device, etc. The climbing operation mainly depends on this climbing frame. Climbing oil cylinder is installed on the beam which lies on the back of climbing frame. Hydraulic pump station lies on the platform at the side of hydraulic cylinder. Climbing frame lies on the outer of tower, the top of which is connected to the lower bracket. Pulling-in window is arranged on the half top of the front climbing frame so as to add standard section. There are 16 rolling wheels inside the climbing frame braced at the outer of tower main robs which serve as leading and supporting components. There is a kelly working platform on the frame to the needs of installation and safety of climbing. When climbing, the workers stand on the platform to operate the hydraulic system to finish the climbing and add the standard sections and strengthen the tower bolts. Fig 6 diagrammatic of climbing frame Fig 7 diagrammatic of lower bracket 3.3.4 Lower bracket (shown in Fig. 7) The lower bracket has the structure of whole-box. The under part of lower bracket is connected to tower standard section and climbing frame separately. The top surface is tightly connected with the under surface of housing washer of swing bearing which is not swing by high reinforcing bolts. 3.3.5 Upper bracket (shown in Fig. 8) The upper bracket has the structure of plate-shell. Flange with swing mechanism is welded on its left and right sides. Working platform is arranged on three sides of upper bracket. Hoisting box is installed on the front of right working platform. There are lamp socket for searchlight and bracket for swing limiter. The top surface of upper bracket is connected with slewing tower by 4 orthogonal pivots. Fig 8 diagrammatic of upper bracket 3.3.6 Hoisting box(shown in Fig. 9) Fig 9 Hoisting box 3.3.7 Swing tower (shown in Fig.10) Swing tower has the structure of whole frame. There is double-ear plate on 4 corners of its top surface connecting to tower head, lifting-jib and counter-jib with pivots. There are 4 orthogonal pivots connected with upper bracket. Fig 10 diagrammatic of slewing tower 3.3.8 Tower head (shown in Fig. 11) Tower head has the structure of front-slope rectangular pyramid. Pulling plate frame, pull plate of lifting-jib and pull plate of counter-jib are welded on its top, connecting with lifting-jib and counter-jib by combined rigid pull rods and pivots. To install each pull rod, working platform is arranged on the cat head connecting with cat head by pivots. Platform can be disassembled when transporting. There are a hoist rope-guiding pulley bracket on the upper section of tower head and a pulley for installation of lifting-jib pull rod onto top of cat head. Ladder with guard ring to cat head is arranged at the back of top tower for convenient installation and maintenance. The bottom of cat head is connected with swing tower by 4 pivots. Fig 11 diagrammatic of tower head Fig 12 diagrammatic of counter jib 3.3.9 Counter-jib (shown in Fig. 12) Counter-jib has the structure of whole plane. Guard-rail and aisle are arranged on counter-jib. Operating platform is get up at the end of counter-jib. One end of counter-jib is connected with swing tower by 2 pivots. The other end is connected with cat head by 2 combined rigid pull rods. There’re counter-weight and load-lifting mechanism installed at the end of counter-jib. Resistance box and electric control box are set up at the front side. Lifting mechanism has its independent Underbed itself and is fixed on counter-jib by 4 groups of ear-plates and pivots. The total weight of seven counter-weights is 15.6t. Fig 13 diagrammatic of counter jib 3.3.10 Lifting-jib (shown in Fig.14) Upper booms of lifting-jib are made of seamless steel tube. Lower booms are rectangle tube welded by two angle irons. The whole jib frame has the section of isosceles triangle divided into 11 sections. Sections are connected by pivots for convenient disassembly and assembly. In order to improve lifting performance and reduce the weight of lifting-jib, lifting-jib adopts double hanging points. Lower chord changes the section into space truss structure. Traction mechanism is set on the second of lifting-jib. Hoisting basket is designed for trolley for convenient installation and maintain. The first section of the root jib frame is connected to swing tower with pivots. Two hoisting points are arranged separately on the third and the eighth section, by which pull rods are connected with top tower. When assembling lifting-jib, tag and assembly must be strictly carried out according to the serial number of each jib. Don’t allow to assemble in wrong position or at will. According to the practical situation, if the length of the lifting-jib needs to be changed, you can change the jib by changing the section number of lifting-jib, the length of the pull rod and the number of the counter weight. Attentions: Upper boom, lower boom of lifting-jib and pull rod pivots are special components. They must not be replaced. Fig 14 diagrammatic of lifting jib 3.3.11 Derricking trolley Derricking trolley and lifting hooks are driving along the longitudinal axis items hoist boom reciprocating motion of steel structure, which possesses 4 walking pulleys and 4 directing pulleys and each side has two pulleys. The orbit they running is the lower boom pole of the counter jib. Fig 15 3.3.12 Hook The purpose of pulley rate device is to double lifting ability of hoisting mechanism and lower hoisting speed down to 1/2 times. Therefore hoisting mechanism can more flexibly satisfy the demand of construction. The ratio of hoisting pulley can be changed into 2 or 4 by changing the position of active pulley. The ratio of trolley and hoisting hook pulley is 4 when they are out of factory. 3.3.13 Attaching device (shown in Fig.16) When the hoisting height is surpassing the freestanding height 41m, we should use attaching devices to fix the tower and the building. The attaching points are shown in Fig. 1. When using the attaching, the free height between the top attaching and the hinge point should no more than 34.8m. Every set of attaching device includes attaching frames and four supporting rods. Attaching frame is composed of two sets of half-ring beams and 16 sets of bolts of M24, nuts and washers fixed tightly. Four comer points of anchorage splice four brace rods. Frame is hinged with 4 supporting robs at its 4 corner points. Adjustable bolts are arranged on 4 supporting robs at the hinging points to adjust the length of supporting rods. There are big ear-rings at the end of four supporting rods hinging with building. Four supporting rods should be kept at the same level, pushing a head block to fix tower by adjusting bolts. Attaching frame is arranged according to the distance of 4m between crane centre line and building. If the real value isn’t equal to design value, supporting rods can be lengthened or shortened appropriately. But the value must be calculated strictly. They way of connection between supporting rods and building varies according to the facts. According to the project demand, clients and installation departments should appropriately arrange the attaching work of crane and building based on the dimension and structure attaching device and the offered data of intensity load. Fig 16 diagrammatic of attachment devices 3.4 Working mechanism Working mechanism of crane includes load-lifting mechanism, swing mechanism, trolley derricking mechanism and climbing mechanism. Brief introduction of them is shown as follows. 3.4.1 Lifting mechanism (shown in Fig.17) The type of motor in the lifting mechanism is YZRDW225-4/8, 24/24kW. The mechanism can get the hoisting feature of light load and high speed, heavy load and low speed. Hoisting limiter is installed at the end of winding drum with the type of FKDX-G. When hoisting things are in the highest position, the lifting mechanism can stop automatically. Fig 17 Lifting mechanism 3.4.2 Swing mechanism (shown in Fig. 18) Swing mechanism is double driven. They are arranged symmetrically on both sides of swing gearing. The type of motor is YZR132M-6，3.7×2kW. The type of hydraulic coupling mechanism is YOX280A. The type of retarder is XX4-120AI.195. Swing limiter is installed on the upper bracket, meshing with swing gear ring by small gear to control lifting-jib swing in about 540° to prevent twisting the cable. Fig. 18 Transmission system of swing mechanism 3.4.2.1 Adjustment of swing arrester (shown in Fig. 19) Fig 19 Sketch map of swing brakes Adjusting methods: According to the practical brake effect in application, adjusting nut (part 1) will shorten the distance between brake disc and friction wafer when braking moment is not enough. When the brake moment is too excessive, adjusting nut will increase the distance between brake disc and friction wafer. Trying operation for several times after adjustment is completed each time. Ensure the components 4.6.7 sliding on guiding bolt 5 without resistance and accurate shut and open action. Spring 5 should be replaced when it rusts seriously. 3.4.3 Trolley derricking mechanism Trolley derricking mechanism utilizes motor of YDEJ132S-4/8 to drive the reduction unit in winding drum to make trolley do derricking movement at 44/22 m/min speed. The whole structure is compact. One end of two rope is separately fixed on the winding drum and the other end is fixed on the load trolley to make the trolley operate normally by tightening and loosing the rope when derricking. 3.4.4 Climbing mechanism (shown in Fig. 20) The climbing mechanism is composed of hydraulic system pump station, climbing cylinder and soft tube with high pressure, etc. And special hydraulic oil is filled in it. It can lift and descend the upper section of tower frame and keep it at any position to make assembly and disassembly of standard section more convenient. This hydraulic device is of compact structure, high efficiency, convenient application and maintenance, safety and reliability. Fig 20 3.4.6.1 Main parameters of hydraulic system and main technical parameters of climbing cylinder Main parameters of hydraulic system Working pressure H（MPa） Flow （L/min） Motor power （kW） Oil tank cubage(L) Used oil N32 anti-wear hydraulic oil North: combined bobbin oil（GB442） 25 14.5 5.5 100 Main technical parameters of climbing cylinder Rated pressure （Mpa） Cylinder diameter Rod diameter stroke Installation distance Climbing speed （m/min） Maximum climbing force（t） 25 160 110 1600 2070 0.4 50 3.4.6.2 Application, maintenance and attentions of hydraulic system is shown in detail in instruction manual of accessory components. 3.5 Safety device and debugging Safety device mainly include load moment, lifting capacity, hoisting height, swing and derricking limiter and anemoscope. FKDK multifunctional limiter can efficiently limit load moment. Lifting height and working range. 3.6 Working mechanism Working mechanism of crane includes load-lifting mechanism, swing mechanism, trolley derricking mechanism and climbing mechanism. Brief introduction of them is shown as follows. 3.6.1 Lifting mechanism The type of motor in the lifting mechanism is YZRDW225-4/8-24/24KW. The mechanism can get the hoisting feature of light load and high speed, heavy load and low speed. Hoisting limiter is installed at the end of winding drum with the type of FKDX-G. When hoisting things are in the highest position, the lifting mechanism can stop automatically. 3.6.2 Swing mechanism Swing mechanism is double driven. They are arranged symmetrically on both sides of swing gearing. The type of motor is YZR160M1-6，3.7kW. Swing limiter is installed on the upper bracket, meshing with swing gear ring by small gear to control lifting-jib swing in about 540° to prevent twisting the cable. According to the practical brake effect in application, adjusting nut (part 1) will shorten the distance between brake disc and friction wafer when braking moment is not enough. When the brake moment is too excessive, adjusting nut will increase the distance between brake disc and friction wafer. Trying operation for several times after adjustment is completed each time. Ensure the components 4.6.7 sliding on guiding bolt 5 without resistance and accurate shut and open action. Spring 5 should be replaced when it rusts seriously. 3.6.3 Trolley derricking mechanism Trolley derricking mechanism utilizes motor of YZTDE180M-4/8/24 to drive the reduction unit in winding drum to make trolley do derricking movement at 40/22 m/min speed. The whole structure is compact. One end of two rope is separately fixed on the winding drum and the other end is fixed on the load trolley to make the trolley operate normally by tightening and loosing the rope when derricking. 3.6.4 Climbing mechanism The climbing mechanism is composed of hydraulic system pump station, climbing cylinder and soft tube with high pressure, etc. And special hydraulic oil is filled in it. It can lift and descend the upper section of tower frame and keep it at any position to make assembly and disassembly of standard section more convenient. This hydraulic device is of compact structure, high efficiency, convenient application and maintenance, safety and reliability. Application, maintenance and attentions of hydraulic system are shown in detail in instruction manual of accessory components. 3.7 Rope system This crane has two sets of winding rope system: hoisting rope system and trolley derricking rope system. 3.7.1 Hoisting rope system (shown in Fig. 21) Fig 21 diagrammatic of climbing rope Hoisting rope is let out from hoisting mechanism of the winding drum, passing guiding pulley of tower head, direction pulley at the root of lifting-jib and hook pulley block, and finally it is fixed on the anti-twist device of lifting-jib head with rope clip. Each trolley and lifting hook possesses three fixed pulleys. These devices make up hoisting rope system. 3.7.1.1 Rate device of hoist rope (shown in Fig.22) Fig 22 diagrammatic of hook’s ratio change The purpose of pulley rate device is to double lifting ability of hoisting mechanism and lower hoisting speed down to 1/2 times. Therefore hoisting mechanism can more flexibly satisfy the demand of construction. The ratio of hoisting pulley can be changed into 2 or 4 by changing the position of active pulley. The ratio of trolley and hoisting hook pulley is 4 when they are out of factory. The method to change ratio is sham as follows: Take out the intermediate pivot when hoisting hook descends to the ground or on platform of frame, then start hoisting mechanism and the clamping plate of upper pulley is lifted to the underside of load trolley. At this time, the ratio of hoisting hook pulley is from 4 to 2. According to the same principle, if the rate needs to be changed from 2 to 4, the hoisting hook only descends on platform of climbing frame. Continue to start the hoisting mechanism and let the hoisting rope out successively. At this time, the active pulley pushing against the lower section of beam on the trolley originally will fall down. When it descends to the platform of frame, it’s ok to fix pulley and hook clamping plate with pivots. 3.7.2 Derricking rope system of trolley (shown in Fig.23) Derricking mechanism of trolley is at the root of lifting-jib. Two ropes come from derricking winding drum. One is fixed at the back of trolley by guiding pulley at the root of jib. The other is fixed in the front of trolley by guiding pulley in the middle and top of lifting-jib. There are three rope-clips at the back of trolley. Rope-clip saddle should be at the longer side of rope. The distance between rope-clips should be 6 times longer than the diameter of rope. There are adjusting devices in front of rope and trolley. If ropes are flabby, the trolley will make lifted-things swing when moving. When the rope clips aren’t flabby, ropes can be tightened by adjusting the tightening device located in front of trolley. Rope-clip should be checked up after loads have been changed in practice. In most cases, the nut needs screwing up again. Attentions： The space between winding two ropes should be available for 2-3 spiral grooves when ropes are let out to avoid friction and wear. Fig. 23 sketch map of derricking rope 4. Crane installation Clients should read the instruction manual to install correctly and quickly. Truck of 20t is needed when crane is installed. It takes least time to hoist with truck if we can coordinate the steps of installation and assembly properly and assign crane-installed personnel reasonably and coordinate the relation between aisle and installation spot. 4.1 Attentions of assembly 4.1.1 Installation of crane can be carried out when the wind is below 4 grades. 4.1.2 The company, who is responsible for installation and removal of the crane, should possess certificates of qualification. During the installation and removal of cranes, the technicians should draw up the written the installation and disassembly procedures and operations according to the according to the site actual situation, then present all these to the crane operators. 4.1.3 Prepare all protective devices before installation and carry out security examination when necessary. 4.1.4. Pay attention to the choice of hanging points; choose handling devices which are of proper length and liability according to hoisted parts. 4.1.5. All dismountable pivots of every crane component, bolts for tower and nuts are special parts. Clients can’t replace them at will. 4.1.6 Installation, assembling good pin shaft ends in accordance with the provisions of the split cotters must open. Axial end flap bolts, and other bolt rope card connecting bolts should be strong and reliable and conform to the relevant provisions. 4.1.7 highstrength bolt connection surface is not greasy, should have the gush arenaceous or steel wire brush to clean. 4.1.8 jack-up, prohibit rotary hoist boom, banned cars, and prohibit moving range start lifting mechanism. 4.1.9 Installation site of the size and the relative position of building foundation (see figure 24, site should level off without sundry and obstacles. .4.1.10 Installation location of crane worksite must ensure the distance of above 10m between max. Swing sections of lifting-jib and hook way from wine. Fig 24 Installation site of the size and the relative position of building foundation 4.2 Foundation and ballast This crane adopts holistic concrete foundation or is used together with ballast. Soil of foundation should be massive. Resistant force of foundation shouldn’t be less than 80t. Intensity grade of concrete is C30 (GB50164-92). The resistance force of concrete foundation shouldn’t be less than 30t/㎡. The flatness error of concrete foundation surface can’t exceed 2mm. 4.3 Grounded device Grounding of crane lightning rod and protective grounding should conform to related regulations, and the material for grounding, installation and maintenance etc. are not supplied by factory. 4.3.1 Connect cable of grounding protective device with bolts of any main rod and clean the paint of bolts and nuts. 4.3.2 Underbed on the ground can’t be used for lighting rod of grounding. 4.3.3 The resistance of protective lighting device can’t exceed 4Ω. 4.3.4 Grounding device should be installed by professionals because resistance ratio will vary largely with time and condition. And it needs instrument with light efficiency and precision to measure resistance. Check grounding wire and resistance periodically. 4.4 Installation process of crane 4.4.1 Installation of Underbed (shown in Fig. 25) Fig 25 Install the underbed Assemble cross beam of Underbed and put it on the platform of concrete foundation. Install press plate and screw the foundation bolts, and measure the bracket parallelism of four lips and four inclining rods. Its error should be within 1.6 mm. If the error exceeds 1.6mm, we should adjust the surface between bottom plate and foundation to level with wedge and iron plate. Keep the wedge fixed firmly. Don’t allow the wedge to loose and screw grounding bolts again. (Double nuts resisting loose) 4.4.2 Installation of standard sections (Fig.26) Reinforcing section is hoisted to climbing frame. Connect it to climbing frame with 8 sets 10.9 grade M33×2×230 reinforcing bolts connects the underbed and foundation sections. （pretightening moment of the bolt is 2000N.m）then, two sets of foundation sections are hung stalled. The foundation sections are connected by 8 sets 10.9 grade M33×2×230 reinforcing bolts. （pretightening moment of the bolt is 2000N.m） Figure 26 Figure 27 4.4.3 Installation frame (Fig 27) Installation of the frame includes the fix of the frame platform, the climbing cylinder, and the lifting of the climbing frame. 4.4.4 The assembly of slewing parts Slewing complement includes the lower bracket, sewing bearing, upper bracket, slewing mechanism and hoisting box. The lower and upper bracket, slewing mechanism and slewing bearing has been installed as a whole part when out of factory. (Fig.a) Assembling the lower bracket, swing bearing, upper bracket, slewing mechanism and the hoisting box to be as a whole on the ground. Lifting the slewing part, aims to the upper base to tower section and fixes them with 8 sets of 10.9 grade M39 reinforcing bolts. At this time, the power cord should be near to the hoisting box, and switch on the power to try and reserve. Figure. a 4.4.5 Install swing tower (shown in Fig.30) Hoist up swing tower. Swing tower is connected to the upper swing platform with 4φ60 pivots and set up split cotter(Fig 29). Figure 29 4.4.6 Install the tower head As Fig 30, connect the tower head platform with the ladder and tower head body. The top ear board of the counter jib pull rod and the first rod should be connected to the tower head withφ60 pin rolls (pay attention to the wite roll between ear boards). Then hang return the tower head to slewing tower and connect them with 4 setsφ60 pin rolls. When lifting, the upright side of the tower head towards to the lifting jib（Fig. 31） Fig. 30 install tower head figure Fig . 31 install counter jib. Fig. 32 install counter weight 4.4.7 Install the counter jib Join well every part cables, and assembles the jack box and the second section of counter jib rod on the counter jib main body. Tie a long hemp rope at the end of the counter jib to control the direction and position of it. Tie well the rope to the lifting eye. Lift the counter jib and test the stability of the hoisting. Then install it withφ60 pin roll to swing tower. Raise tail of the counter jib to some angle and install well, then set level the hoist and release the hook(Fig. 30). Hoisting two counter jibs, set to the end of the counter position and fixes. Switch on the power, try and use(Fig. 32). 4.4.8 Lifting jib and the lifting jib rod installed: 4.4.8.1 Lifting jib With three height is about 1 meter of solid support will set a truck lift arm quarter car smoothly into an arm, gently lift section a front-end and closing section arm in front of stents, promote luffing car to booms and root up two wire rope break protection device to level may, when necessary, bound with iron wire. Lift its arms section 2 front slightly tall, mobile manipulator section 2 to arm at a quarter, which is installed to bend holes, scoring with head and shoulder pin shaft split cotters fixed. Section 2 makes its decline arm XiaXian mounting holes and one quarter of the arm, into an installation special single arm head pin shaft and split cotters fixed. Gently lift has connected the 10 centimeters high arm frame, mobile brace of stents to arm section 2 front-end. Repeat the above order after the operation, the upper hoist boom, the last section 9 loading. As shown with the follow figure. Carefully check the fastener pin shaft, use correctly, connection, split cotters installed correctly. Check whether the circuit on the arm. Note: 1.the car, car maintenance and installation with the crane cage should be on the same side. In XiaXian into single head should pin shaft axis plane with arms frame mounting holes inside the stop position of board, avoid pin shaft will stop board top off or welding, if this will happen in the work of installing the serious accident hoist boom. Fig 33 Hoist boom hoisting preparation Fig 34 Rope round horn wear 4.4.8.2 Hoist boom rod assembly Combined arms with pin shaft connecting rod, suspended in the arms bend after the stem rod rack, and protect wire securely. To prevent the hoist boom in installing a process, can be in the proper rod down with wire rod and location will be bent frame pole arm tied 1-2, to install hoist boom bars and will cut wire. 4.4.8.3 Rope round horn wear Inside the car, make its move to rely on the brake block hoist boom, with one end of the rope will be fixed in the car, traction institutions drum drum, rope around the other side guide wheel root from arm, through the wirerope break through the protector of wire rope clamps, use fixed in luffing cars. The car before drawing rope around: will wear in the rope end fixed in the drum drum, around 3-5 laps, end through the arm shelf wheel, wirerope break through the protector of wire rope clamps, use fixed in a car. 4.4.8.4 hoist boom hoisting preparation In the integral hoisting hoist boom should be done before the following: Please confirm that the plane before lifting arm positioning pin shaft internodes, check whether the axial end flap welding normal, Will load car platform truck in the car on the installation, In the arms of a long twine, facilitate ground control in the direction of hoist boom. Fasten the hemp rope should be paid attention to when disassembled. Hang rope (as shown), 35. Hoist boom on the linkage connected pin shaft hoisting rope should stay away from the position, or in a rod with rope interference occurs when, easy cause accidents. Note: the sling should hang lever nodes in bend before or after, cannot be hanged in the oblique flank rod. Do not put in the tension between the hoisting ropes. (FIG. 33) Hoist boom will lift from 100mm to check whether the balance, and adjust to balance position will sling. Attention to find balance position and well marked down when the towers, ready to use. 4.4.8.5 Hoist boom installation Lifting the hoist boom to the connection with rotary mai, use 2 φ 70 with shoulder turn head pin shaft and towers connected, insert split cotters lock. 4.4.8.6 Hoist boom bars installed Hoist boom will end up certain Angle, according to the chart shown around the rope in 36, and start lifting mechanism, using lifting rope traction to three rate lever upper hoist boom will be connected to the tower of hole traction, packed tassel, then slowly pin shaft hoist boom will release lever to force (fig. 35) Fig. 35 Hoist boom installation Fig 36 4.4.11 after lifting two standard sections, install bevel brace rod. Lifting process should be operated below four wind scale. Before climbing upper swing mechanism should be in braked condition and not allowed to swing. In climbing process, crane can’t do hoisting except for installation itself. If hydraulic climbing system is out of order stop climbing at once. Withdraw oil cylinder, check climbing obstacles and breakdown of oil circuit system. 4.4.11.1 Preparation before climbing a. Fill hydraulic pump with oil in regular pump station. b. Clean each of standard sections, smear butter on upper standard section. Line up the standard sections that are going to be added to tower in a row under cargo boom lying on climbing position. Firstly, install strengthen section in order, then install standard section unreversed. It can save time in the whole progress of adding section without swing mechanism. c. Swing cargo boom to front of climbing frame and counter-jib lies back of frame (climbing oil cylinder lies rear of frame). 4.4.11.2 Climbing operation a. Firstly fix four inlet rollers on four corners of tower standard section on ground. Then hoist standard section and put it on external frame of platform. (Shown in Fig. 36) 4.4.12 Electrical installation and debugging 4.4.12.1 Electrical installation a. After crane installation completely, electric can be installed, referring to principle figures, external wiring diagrams, controlling wiring diagrams. Join up the circuits of controlling and power cable, brake cable, safety device, grounding device, obstacle light, search light anemoscope etc. b. Before supplying electricity, Check electric system and conform to the requirements. c. All circuit must be correct. Cable needs to be fixed should be mounted reliably to avoid destroying cable when crane is moving. d. Before electrify, insulated checking should be done. The main circuit and controlling circuit’s dielectric resistance to ground is more than 0.50hm. Ground resistance for tower should be below 4 OHM. e. Main cable (ground and hoisting box’s cable) should be through guard ring before entering hoisting box and reserve appropriately length to prevent cable when crane slews one and a half circle and crane is climbing. f. Put all operating mechanism of hoisting box on safety position. And put main switch on power failure position; finally connect power cable of ground. 4.4.12.2 Electrify debugging a. Turn on the power, supply electricity for hoisting box be sure that three-phase power is be three-phase balance and the voltage is 380v±10% (Ground electrical not supply enough capacity to make sure motor’s normally ) b. Loosen height limiter and derricking limiter, coordinate machine installation, wind rope of lifting trolley. c. Debugging of lifting mechanism Firstly operate lifting handle, then observe the conditions. When derricking handle pulled inward the hook moves upward. Otherwise the hook moves downward if not adjust the phase order of power for lifting motor. d. After lifting debugging completed operate swing handle and derricking handle respectively. Swing handle pull award trolley goes inward otherwise go outward. If not adjust, the phase order of each power should. 4.4.13 climbing tower sections 4.4.13.1 Preparation before climbing a. testing all the connection is comply with regulations and ensure all connections to be correct b. Fill hydraulic pump with oil in regular pump station. c. Check whether the components for lifting and in normal condition. d. Clean each of standard sections, smear butter on upper standard section. Line up the standard sections that are going to be added to tower in a row under cargo boom lying on climbing position. Firstly, install strengthen section in order, then install standard section unreversed. It can save time in the whole progress of adding section without swing mechanism. e. Check the cable length and ensure the adequate used length. f. Swing cargo boom to front of climbing frame and counter-jib lies back of frame (climbing oil cylinder lies rear of frame). 4.4.13.2 Climbing operation Firstly fix four inlet rollers on four corners of tower standard section on ground. Then hoist standard section and put it on external frame of platform. Disassemble high strengthen bolts of M33 between lower pedestal and standard section. Put two axial heads of climbing beam in grooves of pedals precisely and hold it uprightly. Let climbing beam as near tower as possible. Keep it possible in a level with longitudinal axis of oil cylinder, start up hydraulic system and let piston rod stretch out 20-30mm. separate barely the surface of lower bracket and the standard section, then hook moves outwards from root of arm at the same time(Fig. 37). When the gap between sixteen guide wheels around climbing frame and tower is basically symmetrical, stop the derricking trolley. (Driver must remember the balance position precisely) Continue to start hydraulic system to stretch out piston rod about 1280mm. Withdraw piston rod slightly and put guide claw on the pedal of standard section, then piston of oil cylinder withdraws completely. Emplace the axial ends of climbing beam renewably and accurately in groove of the previous group of pedals of standard section and hold it uprightly again. Stretch piston rod of oil cylinder again until there is just space for a standard section at the top of tower. Standard section can be pulled to the right top of tower by rolling wheel. Locate dummy club of standard section and withdraw oil cylinder until dummy clubs of upper and lower standard section are connected rightly. At this time, conjunct upper and lower standard sections firmly with eight reinforcing bolts of M33. (Pretightening force isn’t less than 2000N•m) Demount rolling wheel and adjust the stretching length of oil cylinder. Connect lower bracket with standard sections firmly to complete the work of adding a standard section. If several standard sections need to be added continuously, repeat the process several times according to above steps. Fig. 37 4.4.13.3 Attentions: a. When climbing the wind speed should no more than 13m/s, wind power should be less than 4. b. The former should make them turn in the braking condition; absolute organization does not allow having the rotary motion. C. In climbing process, in addition to its own needs hoisting installation, tower cranes are not allowed hoisting working. d. Before the operation of the climbing cylinder, should check if bolts been released between the lower bracket and tower. e. Swing mechanism brake is needed in the process of climbing. Brake lifting-jib and prevent lifting-jib from swing to make it sure that the lifting-jib and pulled standard section come in the same direction. f. Professional personnel need to hold climbing beam upright and make it sure that axle ends in pedal grooves are in its precise position in climbing process for safety. g. If several standard sections need to be added continuously, each main rod of tower and lower bracket must be connected with bolt of M33 after adding a section and before hoisting the next section. If sections aren’t continued to be added, the eight bolts with high strength between lower braked and standard section must be connected well. h. Pedals of the added standard sections must be adjusted well to the existing standard sections. 4.4.13.4 Install 4 inclining supporting rods (shown in Fig. 37) After adding the second standard sections, tighten eight bolts between lower bracket and standard sections. Install upper ear bracket of four motive supporting rods on four main rods of the second section. Then connect four inclining supporting rods separately to the direction of diagonal line between Underbed and tower with pivots. 4.4.13.5 Texting and inspection after installation After adding sections, slew jib frame to different angle to examine the tightening state of each connection point of tower, Underbed, reinforcing sections and ground bolts. (Tighten the nut when the main rod lies under the counter-jib and in this way tighten all nuts down to up, and use double nuts to prevent loosening for connection.) At this time, the whole installation of crane is completed. But perpendicular alignment of tower should be checked and the allowable error is 2/1000. And then crane gets into normal working state after debugging. Sections can be added in the above mentioned way if necessary. Put climbing frame down to the bottom of tower or the attaching frame and tighten it after the climbing work is accomplished. 5. Safety device and debugging Safety device mainly include load moment, lifting capacity, hoisting height, swing and derricking limiter and anemoscope. FKDK multifunctional limiter can efficiently limit load moment. Lifting height and working range. Detailed debugging can be shown in operation instruction. Install position of safety device. (Shown in Fig. 41)6.1.5 When climbing mechanism is in operation all operating personnel should relative position of relative moving parts normal or not. (For example, position between rolling wheel and main rod position between climbing frame and tower.) If there is deflection between climbing frame and tower when climbing frame is ascending, stop climbing and descend at once. Fig. 38 6. Disassembly of crane 6.1 Disassembly attentions 6.1.1 Before crane is withdrawal from worksite. Maintain and try operating climbing mechanism because of out of use for a long time. 6.1.2 In the course of operating the liability of limiter and brake of swing mechanism should be examined for purpose. 6.1.3 After standard sections of tower have been disassembled and before climbing frame and tower have not come to a whole body prohibit using swing mechanism. 6.1.4 It’s a continuous heave load work for climbing mechanism to disassemble crane. Therefore, components suffered loads of climbing mechanism should be often examined. 6.1.5 When climbing mechanism is in operation all operating personnel should relative position of relative moving parts normal or not. (For example, position between rolling wheel and main rod position between climbing frame and tower.) If there is deflection between climbing frame and tower when climbing frame is ascending, stop climbing and descend at once. 6.2 Crane removal methods: Remove tower is a very dangerous, the former should make full tower of preparation. Remove oxides balance weight and balance, hoist boom should strictly according to the arms of a program, in order to prevent when removed a part, when installing lose balance tipping accident. 6.2.1 Open the preparation before tower Open the tools and tower crane tower, and made the same. Clean up the ground site to open to the ground when installing component plenty of space. When the weather conditions do not disassemble tower when homework. 6.2.2 Disassembly method of crane Disassembly order of tower crane is reversed process of installation. That is, components of subsequent installation should be disassembled first and those of previous installation should be disassembled later. Because disassembly of crane is always carried out after project is almost completed or unused for a long time. There may be some problems in device technological state and good condition. Therefore, attentions should be focused on the preparing work during disassembly of crane. Disassembly of crane can be carried out based on strict inspection and enough preparation after liable measure has been taken according to practical condition. Attentions during disassembly of crane are shown as follows: （1）Carefully Check main components suffered load whether they are in good condition before disassembly of crane, welded position in normal state or not, each bold of fixed position in good condition or not, each pivot and choke in complete state or not. （2）Carefully Check electrical system whether in normal and good state and liable or not. （3）Check the operation of each mechanism, especially hydraulic climbing mechanism whether they are in normal condition or not and its technological state liable or not. （4）Slew counter-jib to the direction of window four pulling standard section and locate liably with devices such as swing limiter. （5）Disassemble down eight bolts connecting the top standard section with lower bracket, and start pump station and stretch out the piston rod of oil cylinder. The axial ends of climbing beam are in the corresponding pedal groove of the second standard section and hold if upright. Make climbing beam lie as near as possible to tower and at the same surface with longitudinal axis of oil cylinder. Hoist upper mechanism of crane slightly and when lower surface of lower bracket and the first standard section just separated then hook moves out from jib root. Observe the gap between front-back guiding wheel of climbing frame and tower, when the gap is basically even (1.5¬2mm or so). Namely basic balance, the trolley will stop. (record the balance point ) （6）Disassemble eight connecting bolts between the first and the second standard sections. Continue to start pump station. Make piston rod of oil cylinder stretch out to climb in two steps keep the distance of two standard sections about 50mm, and then install left and right pull in pulley. Push the first standard section out to climbing frame along pull in platform. （7）Operate directior valve, shrink piston rod of oil cylinder and at the same time put climbing claw in pedal groove at proper time, until climbing beam is hoisted from the next group of pedal grooves. Operate direction valve, the piston rod of oil cylinder stretches out until the two axle ends of climbing beam are put in the next pedal grooves exactly and climbed 50¬100mm. Hoist the climbing claw to make climbing frame continuously drop. （8）Operate directior valve, withdraw piston rod of oil cylinder until the lower surface of lower bracket and top surface of the second standard section contact install a standard section connecting bolts of tower at opposite angle and fix them. （9）Put standard section hanged by main hook of tower on ground and then drive trolley to the balance spot. （10）Disassemble four bolts of lower surface of lower bracket. Repeat the action for 6¬9 times. And in this way, standard sections can be disassembled successively. Attentions: When there is attaching device, disassemble corresponding attaching device until climbing frame descends to that standard section. But the attaching device must not be disassembled earlier. （11）When climbing frame descends to the top of four inclining supporting rods, disassemble supporting rods first to lessen disassembly height. （12）When climbing frame descends to the lowest position, disassemble hoist rope and hook group and cable of lifting-jib and counter-jib. Then disintegrate counter-weight group in weight cavity and disassemble some counter-weight. Leaves a piece of counterweight at the end of counter-jib and fix it tightly and prepare to disassemble lifting-jib. （13）Elevate the lifting-jib to the angle of 10°~20° with truck of 20t at the hoisting point where lifting-jib being installed. Disassemble pivots between the first and the second pull rods respectively and tighten the pull rods of lifting-jib with iron wire, and then put the jib slowly. Disassemble pivots of jib root and put counter-jib to the ground bracket slowly. （14）Disassemble the left counterweight of counter-jib. Elevate counter-jib to the elevation angle of at the hoisting point (remark it) where counter-jib is installed. Disassemble joint pivots between the first and the second pull rods respectively and tighten two pull rods of counter-jib with iron wire and then put the counter-jib slowly. Disassemble pivots of jib root and put counter-jib to the ground slowly. （15）Disassemble the cable between hoisting box and the exterior. Disassemble hoisting box, cat head, upper bracket, lower bracket in turn. （16）Take out the climbing frame from tower section and disassemble tower sections in turn and then disassemble Underbed and its casting die. At the moment, the work of disassembling tower is basically completed. Wind should be less than four degree when disassembling because building has been built up. The worksite is not as wide as the space where crane is installed. Do pay attention to working procedure and position for disassembled things. When disassemble crane, do take care, otherwise, the accident of safety may occur. 7. Use of crane 7.1 Work before use Before use Check all-rounding and tested are necessary. Test mechanism and safety device. Prevent the crane’s use and safety from uncontrolled and insecurely accidents. 7.1.1 Check items after holding crane Table 7 Checking items after holding crane Checking items Checking content Underbed Check grounding bolts The safe distance between wire and Max. swing section of crane should be 5m and Check cable to prevent damage Tower Check standard section bolts. There is a rest platform every three standard sections. Climbing frame Check connection with lower mount. Check climbing claw flexible and liable or not. Check fastening roils. Upper and lower mount hoisting box Check fastening for bolts connecting swing ring. Check operation of cable (cable should pass from the right of upper bracket and bottom of ladder and lower steel ring) Check connection with hoisting box. Check fastening of platform and banister. Forbid preserving grease oil cotton oil and another tinder in hoisting box. Tower head Check the installation of lifting-jib and counter-jib rod. Check the installation of ladder platform and guard rail. Make sure lifting rope winds correctly. Lifting-jib Check the installation of pins washer and cotter pin. Check installation and operation of trolley and fastening of manned nacelle. Check winding and fastening of hoisting and derricking rope. Counter-jib Check fastening of counter-jib. Check installation of counter-jibs guardrail and walkway. Make sure there are not incidentals on walkway. Hoist device Check defect of lifting hook. Make sure type and specification of lifting ropes and derricking ropes being up to the mustard. Check wearing degree of rope. Mechanism Check installation and operation of each mechanism. Make sure studio gap along. Check hastening of rope head. Safety device Every safety devices must be adjusted according to the requirements in chapter5 Check installation and fastening of all ladders, guard rail and rest platform. Lubrication Check lubrication and do according to the instruction. 7.1.2 Do the following examination in turn after crane is assembled. 7.1.2.1 Unload test Each mechanism should operate for several times respectively, and then operate comprehensively for 3 times. There should not be any abnormal phenomena in operation process. Otherwise fix a breakdown timely. 7.1.2.2 Dead-load test Dead-load test should be carried out after examination without load passes. Static load test should be performed according to the 4.5 rule of GB/T5031-1994 “performance test of crane”. 7.1.2.3 Choose proper hoisting capacity and its corresponding max. range. Make dynamic load experiment under the overload of 10%. This experiment should be carried out according to addenda B of GB/T9462-1999 “technical condition of tower crane” 7.2 Safety operation instruction 7.2.1 Driver and hoisting personnel 7.2.1.1 Implementing the corresponding regulation of 《operation instruction of tower crane》. Drivers and hoisting personnel must be those who pass the examination and get the certificate according to corresponding regulations of provincial public security and inspection department. 7.2.1.2 Drivers must know about the working principle of operation. They must be familiar with the construction of crane, functions of security device and adjustment methods. They must master operation methods of each feature of crane and maintenance technology of crane. 7.2.1.3 Forbid pulling things inclined and hoisting things with unknown weight or rooted things. 7.2.1.4 Forbid carry persons with cranes. 7.2.1.5 When there’s hanging things in the sky, driver and hoisting personnel can’t leave worksite. 7.2.1.6 Commanding signal gesture and flag should comply with the regulation of GB5082-85. 7.2.1.7 Drivers must make well the operation, repairs and maintenance of crane and record the shift well. 7.2.1.8 Strictly prohibit that drivers operate crane after drinking. 7.2.2 Mechanical pacts and others 7.2.2.1 Ambient operating temperature of crane is -20℃~+40℃. Wind should be below six grades when working. 7.2.2.2 All security device of crane must be maintained at any moment strictly prohibit moving and disassembling at random and over-load application. 7.2.2.3 There should be enough lighting condition on the construction spot at night. 7.2.2.4 It should be ensured that crane supplied voltage is within the range of 380v±10%, otherwise, electrical device is inclined to be damaged. 7.2.2.5 When working, approached the cranes standing under the hoist boom is strictly prohibited 7.2.2.6 Prohibit driving without a license, the installation, maintenance, driving personnel shall climb oxide without permission. 7.2.2.7 The driver in the total power pen with closed must check whether there is electricity crane metal structure, ensure safety after the escalator. 7.2.2.8 Attentions before the large reparation or renewing installation for crane. a. Carefully examine each joint link and make sure whether the pines are crackle rusty and abrasive or not. b. Examine if the important parts such as rigid pulled, rope, pulley, hook etc. conform to the application condition. c. Examine if deformation of medal structure parts and welding slit conform to the application condition. d. Try to operate climbing, hoisting, derricking and swing actions until they are in good condition. 7.2.2.9 Examine whether electrical control system conforms to the requirement or not, when crane is being repaired and maintained. Cut off the total power supply and prohibit operating with electricity. Specify personnel should be assigned to command crane operation at the sites of ground, floor platform and surface of construction. Strict signal or gesture flag signal are used to contact with drivers. We’d better contact each other with walkie-talkie. 7.2.2.10 Downtime repair or maintenance, must cut off the power, forbid charged. 7.2.2.11 he ground, building, construction surface to set, and the command commanders’ tower, strict must contact the driver of signal or gestures, banner etc, had better use walkie-talkie contact. 7.2.2.12 the driver lifting weights and pass on the personnel must be sound bell warning, homework thought to highly concentrated. 7.2.2.13 Prohibit hoisting operation when encountering thunder storm, rainstorm and thick fog or wind exceeding 6 grades. When wind exceeds 10 grades, we should drop tower below the height of five standard sections or tighten it with rope to ensure safety. 7.2.2.14 when several cranes come into a construction site at the same time, the arrangement of crane should be appropriate but they can’t intervene and interfere with each other. 7.2.2.15 When drivers switch on guard power and enter hoisting box, they should check buttons. Operating handles all-around to make sure whether they are in idle state. Start the chief button if there is no problem. 7.2.2.16 The hoisting box strictly flammable and explosive substances deposit. Heating in winter, please note fire. 7.2.2.17 Driver must operate crane strictly according to crane technical performance table and hoisting feature curve. Strictly prohibit over load and forced operation. 7.2.2.18 Prohibit hook landing on the ground when crane is operated. Not to cause rope of winding drum disorderly to be damaged. Pay attention to the arrangement of winding drum rope when hook is hoisted again if hook has to land on the ground. 7.2.2.19 Hoisting hurdle on the side of trolley is used for maintenance, when a certain part of jib needs repairing, personnel can stand in the hoisting hurdle, moving to the assigned position with trolley to complete maintenance. Rated loading weight of hoisting hurdle is 100kg. Strictly prohibit persons standing in hoisting hurdle when lifting heavy-things. Strictly examine if the link between hoisting hurdle and load trolley are in good condition or not when upholding crane and installing lifting-jib on the ground. 7.2.2.20 when each mechanism needs to operate in the opposite direction, we must start motor in reversal after it stops vice versa. 7.2.2.21 Lifting mechanism with slow lifting weights, shift running time cannot too long, every 10 minutes in continuous operation shall not exceed 2 minutes, lest burned-out motor. 7.2.2.22 How to have the operation, must file organization by the slow to fast or slow, prohibited by fast to the shift operation, each time a minimum shift transition should ensure 2-4 seconds. 7.2.2.23 Cut off power at once when there is abnormal phenomenon in crane, continues to work after the malfunction has been checked up and eliminated. 7.2.2.24 after a shift of operation has been completed; lifting-jib needs to be turned to the parallel direction of building. When hook ascends to the height away from the highest building, trolley should be at minimum range of lifting-jib and leave after the total power is cut off. 7.2.2.25 Drivers must check up and tighten the pivots and bolts on the key components including the tower, jib frame, swing gearing, rigid pull rod of lifting jib, rod of counter-jib, connecting bolts of winding drum and retarder, etc. before work every day. Operation is allowed after no slack or disengage exists. 7.2.2.26 Drivers should maintain and lubricate retarder, pulley, bearing bracket etc. every day according to regulations. If there is oil leaking, do with it timely. 7.2.2.27 before formal operation, drivers must successively check the liability of security device. Prohibit forced operation when security device is not liable or out of order. 7.2.2.28 Work as brake failure tower, drivers should be calm, warning signal, a turn to empty place,  motive power control weight falls to the ground, forbidden by gravity. 7.2.2.29 When installing, first find electricity reasons, such as electricity for a long time, it should take measures, the first drop to the ground slowly, weight lifting with artificial control (brake electromagnet). 7.3 Maintenance before work every day 7.3.1 Often keep whole crane clean and clean it timely. 7.3.2 Check oil quantity of retarder fill on timely. 7.3.3 Check whether there are loose ends, broken wire and abrasion of each rope. Replace it timely if they‘re out of regulations. 7.3.4 Check the efficiency, gap of brake and ensure its liable sensitivity. 7.3.5 Check the sensitivity and reliability of each security device. 7.3.6 Check the joint points of each bolt, especially the linking bolts of tower standard. Tighten them again after they’re employed for same time. 7.3.7 Check whether press plate of ropes and clip of ropes are loose or not. Tighten them timely. 7.3.8 Scrap of rope, winding drum, pulley, hook etc. must strictly conform to the regulations of GB5144-88 and other corresponding standard. 7.3.9 Check whether there’re crackles on rods of metal components, belly rods and welding lines. Especially pay attention to the position of paint falling off. It’s very dangerous when the paint falling off is of 45° stripe. Find out the reason and do with it timely. 7.3.10 Linking bolts and nuts of crane (including the connection points between reinforcing section and Underbed) and each pivot where diameter is over ф20 are special component. They can’t be replaced in any case. 7.3.11 Bolts performance degree of tower standard section is 10.9 grade and nuts is 10grade (locknut). There must be performance degr

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